Course Structure Diagram with Course Credit

First Year

Fall Term

Spring Term

Second Year Fall Term

Spring Term

Third Year Fall Term

Spring Term

Fourth Year Fall Term

Spring Term

Elective courses:

MBG503 Aging

MBG508 Nanotechnology and Modelling in Biological Systems

MBG512 Microbiome

MBG515 Modern Biotechnology

MBG520 R-coding

MBG521 Stem Cell Biology

MBG522 DNA Damage and Repair Mechanisms

MBG523 Medical Virology

MBG524 Critical Scientific Reading

MBG526 Sustainable Development

First Year Courses

MBG101 General and Cell Biology

Course Description: The aim of this course is to present the basic concepts of living organisms, and biological structures. This course will also provide understanding to the cell biology including organelles, cell communication and cytoskeleton. It will also provide brief introduction to nucleic acids.

Textbooks and/or References:

1)TheMolecularBiologyoftheCell,Albertsetal.2008.

2) Medical Cell Biology, Steven R Goodman, 2008.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

CHM104 General Chemistry for Biological Sciences and Engineering

Course Description: This course is designed as a one-semester course for freshman molecular biology and genetics, food, biomedical and bioengineering students.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Chemistry Principles and Reactions (7th edition, 2012) by William L. Masterton and Cecile N. Hurley, Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning

2) CHM104 Lab Manual

Assessment: Midterm exam, Lab, Final exam and Attendance

PHY101 General Physics

Course Description: This course will give information about electric field and potential, capacity, current and resistance, magnetism, inductance, Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic waves.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) J. Walker, D. Halliday, R. Resnick, “Principles of Physics”, 10th Edition, Wiley

2) Douglas C. Giancoli, Physics for Scientist and Engineers with Modern Physics, 4th Edition, Printice Hall

3) R. A. Serway and R. J. Beichner , “Physics for Scientist and Engineers with Modern Physics”, 8th

Assessment: Midterm exam, Lab, Final exam

COM101 Computer I

Course Description: This course covers the ability of students to use basic information technologies effectively in their courses and professions.

Textbooks and/or References: Lecture notes given by the instructors

Assessment: Quiz, Homework, Midterm exam, Final exam, Attendance

ENG101 English I

Course Description: ENG 101 aims to develop students’ awareness of the language used in everyday life situations as well as the vocabulary items used in different topics. The course has been designed to show the students communicatively useful expressions in their immediate environment. Understanding how the language is used to maintain communication or convey meaning in specific situations is prior to how the structures are put together to form the language. The aim is to expose students to some basic functions in some specific situations and topics at A2/B1 level of the CEFR so that the students can easily communicate with the foreign people in their immediate environment and develop their ability to comprehend oral English.

Textbooks and/or References: Videos and materials designed and prepared by Faculty English Programmes Unit

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

AIT101/AIT103 Atatürk’s Principles and History of Turkish Revolution I

Course Description: This course will give information about the definition of the revolution, and the Turkish Revolution, the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the National Struggle Period, the wars, congresses, relations with the states, and agreements made during the National Struggle Period.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Ali Efdal Özkul-Hasan Samani, İmparatorluk’tan Cumhuriyet’e Modern Türkiye’nin Oluşumu Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılâp Tarihi,Ankara 2010.

2) Prof. Dr. Afet İnan, A History of The Turkish Revolution And Turkish Republic, çev. A.E. Uysal, Ankara 1981.

3) Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, I, II, III, Ankara 1998.

4) Ergün Aybars, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi, Ankara 1994

5) Kazım Özalp, Milli Mücadele, I,II, Ankara 1998

6) Yusuf Hikmet Bayur, Türk İstiklâl Harbi, I,II, Ankara

7) Bernard Lewis, Modern Türkiye’nin Doğuşu, Ankara 1970.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

TUR101/YIT101 Turkish I

Course Description: Definition and importance of language; language-culture relation; written language and its features, external structure and rules in written expression, spelling rules and punctuation; plan, theme, point of view, and supporting ideas in the writing, paragraph writing; composition concept, composition writing rules and plans; composition roof, theme, and paragraph analysis in the selected writings, composition correction studies, general expression irregularity, thinking and expressing one's thoughts; various writing types (anecdote, stories, criticisms, novels, etc.) formal writings (curriculum vitae, petition, report, announcement, bibliography, official articles, scientific articles, articles, etc.) and introduction, development and conclusion sections of the articles will be taught.

Textbooks and/or References: To be announced

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

CAM100 Campus Orientation

Course Description: Organized so that our students can get to know university life better, this course consists of various activities aimed at gaining the identity of being a Near Easterner and adapting to university life more easily.

Textbooks and/or References: Video prepared about each module and links and materials shared on the UZEBIM course page.

Assessment: Module* Questions/Tasks

GEC351 21^st Century Skills

Course Description: The 21st Century Skills course aims to develop students' fundamental thinking skills, such as critical, creative, and philosophical thinking, problem-solving, lifelong learning, and effective learning strategies. In addition, it fosters social skills such as effective communication, teamwork, intercultural interaction, and diversity management. Digital literacy, media awareness, information management, and basic statistical knowledge support students in becoming effective and conscious individuals in the digital environment. Self-management skills such as self-awareness, emotional intelligence, resilience, and time management encourage individual development, while sustainability, ethical leadership, and global citizenship foster a sense of social responsibility. Finally, applied life skills such as entrepreneurship, financial literacy, stress management, and creative presentation skills are acquired, aiming to equip students with competencies they can use in real life.

Textbooks and/or References: Video prepared about each module and links and materials shared on the UZEBIM course page.

Assessment: Module* Questions/Tasks

MBG104 Molecular Cell Biology

Course Description: This course will provide an understanding of the structure and the function of nucleic acids. It will also cover gene expression, cell divisions and recombination. It will provide an introduction to germ cell development and fertilisation.

Textbooks and/or References: 1) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5E, Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis and Martin Raff, 2008. 2) Molecular Cell Biology: International Edition, Harvey Lodish, Arnold Berk, Chris A. Kaiser, Monty Krieger, Anthony Bretscher, Hidde Ploegh, Angelika Amon and Matthew P. Scott, 2012.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG108 Genetics

Course Description: This course aims to provide an understanding of mutations and polymorphisms, Mendelian genetics, non-Mendelian genetics, biochemical and molecular basis of genetic diseases, cancer genetics, population genetics and evolution.

Textbooks and/or References:

• Essentials of Genetics, 2013, W. S. Klug, M. R. Cummings, C. A. Spencer and M. A. Palladino, 8th Edition, Pearson
• Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine. 8th Edition.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG107 Microbiology

Course Description: This course will focus on the study of some major groups of bacteria and parasites of importance in human infection and on the understanding of the key concepts used in investigating and diagnosing infections in the laboratory.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Medical Microbiology, F.H. Kayner, K. A. Bienz, J. Eckert, R. M. Zinkernagel, 2005

2) Medical Microbiology, William Irwing, Tim Boswell, Dlawer Ala’Aldeen, 2005.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

CHM122 Organic Chemistry

Course Description: This course will provide an understanding of the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including nomenclature, structure, bonding, and the basic principles of stereochemistry. Important reactions related to the common functional groups will be covered with emphasis on reaction mechanisms.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Organic Chemistry, Jonathan Clayden, Nick Greeves, Stuart Warren, 2012.

2) Organic Chemistry, William Brown, Christopher Foote, Brent Iverson, Eric Ansly, 2012.

Assessment: Quiz, Homework, Group project, Midterm exam, Final exam, Attendance

AIT102/AIT104 Atatürk’s Principles and History of Turkish Revolution II

Course Description: This course will give information about the relations and agreements with foreign states from the Treaty of Lausanne, the reforms made in legal, political, social, educational and cultural fields, the Turkish foreign policy of the Mustafa Kemal era, and transfer of Atatürk's principles and integral principles and Ataturkist thought to younger generations.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Ali Efdal Özkul-Hasan Samani, İmparatorluk’tan Cumhuriyet’e Modern Türkiye’nin Oluşumu Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılâp Tarihi,Ankara 2010.

2) Prof. Dr. Afet İnan, A History of The Turkish Revolution And Turkish Republic, çev.

A.E. Uysal, Ankara 1981.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final Exam

TUR102/YIT102 Turkish II

Course Description: This course aims to teach the Turkish language according to the rules.

Textbooks and/or References: To be announced

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

CAR100 Career Planning

Course Description: To introduce students to career methods that will help them adapt to the rapidly changing economic, social, cultural, ethical and legal conditions of the business world and to gain the ability to adapt them to their own lives.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Öz,Steinberg, S. (2006). Introduction to Communication. Mega Digital Publishing.

2) Lynn, H., West, R. (2019). An Introduction to Communication. Cambridge University Press.

3) Öztemel, K. (2019). Career Planning and Development. Ankara: Pegem Publishing House

4) Atay, S., Çırakoğlu Tanıverdi, B., Gülmez, N., (2019). University Career Centers Handbook. Ankara TC Presidency, Human Resources Office, Salmat Basım Pub. Ankara.

Assessment: -

CHC100 Cyprus: History and Culture

Course Description: Being able to comparatively analyse the variable dynamics of Cyprus across the ages also brings with it an understanding of the dynamics of the Mediterranean basin. Having information about the island of Cyprus and the Mediterranean culture provides us with an opportunity to understand and describe the states established in the Mediterranean, the religious communities operating there, and the socio-cultural interactions between people. This course offers the opportunity to examine in depth the social, economic and cultural dynamics of Cyprus, which acts as a bridge between East and West.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Cyprus in Ancient Times Alasya F. / Ankara Turkish Culture Research Institute, Published in 1977,

2) Video prepared for each module and links and materials shared on the UZEBIM course page.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final Exam

Second Year Courses

MBG211 Molecular Genetics

Course Description: This course introduces the fundamental principles of molecular genetics, focusing on the structure, function, and regulation of genetic material at the molecular level. Topics include DNA replication, transcription, translation, gene regulation in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, mutations and DNA repair mechanisms, and genome organization. The course also covers modern molecular genetic techniques such as PCR, gel electrophoresis, cloning, sequencing, and basic genomic and transcriptomic approaches. Emphasis is placed on understanding the molecular basis of heredity, gene expression, and genetic variation, as well as the application of molecular genetics in medicine, biotechnology, and research.

Textbooks and/or References:

• Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene
• Russell, iGenetics: A Molecular Approach
• Strachan & Read, Human Molecular Genetics

Assessment: Midterm exam, Final exam, Coursework

MBG202 Genes and Inheritance

Course Description: This course will provide an understanding of basic genetic processes. Inheritance patterns of single-gene traits, pedigree construction, chromosome aberrations, and the multifactorial basis underlying many common traits will be explored.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Lewin’s Genes XI, Jocelyn E. Krebs, Elliot S. Goldstein, Stephen T. Kilpatrick, 2013.

2) Genome, Matt Ridley, 2000.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG209 Biophysics

Course Description: This course explores the principles of structure formation of biomacromolecules, presenting physical methods for the measurement of molecular forces and molecular structure. It will also deliver insight into membrane physics and transport phenomena.

Textbooksand/orReferences:

1) An Introduction Biophysics, 2E, Roland Graser, 2012.

2) Biophysics, William Bialeck, 2012.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG204 Biochemistry

Course     Description:     In     this      course,                 students           will   learn   about nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,carbohydrates and reactions involved.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Lehninger Principle of Biochemistry, 6E, David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox, 2013

2) Clinical Biochemistry, Nessar Ahmed, 2010

3) Biochemistry, 7E, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko and Lubert Stryer, 2011 Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG205 Biotechnology Techniques

Course Description: In this course students will learn about methods used in biotechnology to investigate the nucleic acids and proteins.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Molecular Biology Techniques, Susan Carson, Heather Miller, D. Scott Witherow, 2007.

2) Techniques for Molecular Biology, D. Tagu and C. Moussard, 2006.

3) Principles and Techniques Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 6E, Keith Wilson and John Walker, 2005.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG207 Human Genetics and Genomics

Course Description: This course will focus human genetic variation, genomic technology and the structure and function of the human genome. This course will also involve different types of DNA damage, the cellular defence mechanisms that preserve genetic integrity and the major repair mechanisms used by human cells to correct different types.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Lewin’s Genes XI, Jocelyn E. Krebs, Elliot S. Goldstein, Stephen T. Kilpatrick, 2013.

2) Genome, Matt Ridley, 2000.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG212 Ethics

Course Description: This course examines ethical issues arising from advances in biology and genetics. Students explore moral principles, ethical theories, and regulatory frameworks relevant to biological research, genetic testing, genomic medicine, and biotechnology. Emphasis is placed on ethical decision-making, responsible conduct of research, patient rights, and societal implications of genetic technologies.

Textbooks and/or References:

• Beauchamp & Childress, Principles of Biomedical Ethics
• Nuffield Council on Bioethics reports
• UNESCO Bioethics Declarations
• NSGC and WHO ethics guidelines

Assessment: Discusions, journal club, case study, participation

MBG203 Anatomy and Physiology

Course Description: This course will consider the principal functions of the human gastro-intestinal tract and the renal system, explaining how these systems are affected by diseases.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Principles of Anatomy and Physiology International Student Version, Gerard J. Tortora and bryan H. Derrickson, 2011.

2) Medical Physiology, 11E, Guyton and Hall, 2005

3) Gray’s Anatomy, Richard Drake, A. Wayne Vogl and Adam W.M. Mitchell, 2009

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG210 Introduction to Pharmacology

Course Description: This course will provide a firm foundation in the principles underlying pharmacology and toxicology, including the nature of drug targets, their interaction and response, the fate of drugs within the body, toxicity classification and testing, poisons and antidotes, adverse drug reactions, selective toxicity, drug discovery and development.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Introduction to Pharmacology, Mary Kane Asperheim, Justin P. Favaro, 2011.

2) Roach's Introductory Clinical Pharmacology, Susan M. Ford, Sally S. Roach.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MTH218 Fundamentals of Mathematics

Course Description: In this course, students will be taught functions, limits, derivatives and integrals.

Textbooks and/or References: Robert A. Adams, Christopher Essex, Calculus, 7th edition

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

ENG202 Academic English and Writing

Course Description: The course starts with summarizing in order to to give the students the idea that every piece of writing has a main idea and main points. It then develops into paragraph writing(descriptive & opinion), argumentative essay, report writing, process writing, CV writing and job application letter. The course also aims to develop students’ critical thinking and organisation skills while teaching different pieces of writing.

Textbooks and/or References: Materials designed by Faculty English Programme Unit

Assessment: Attendance, Writing activities, Midterm exam, Final exam

Third Year Courses

MBG301 Medical Genetics

Course Description: This course will provide the basic principles in medical genetics and the relation between the current knowledge of genetics and clinical applications. This course will further focus on the clinical relevance of the genome structure, mutations, screening, Mendelian and polygenic inheritance and risk assessments of inherited disorders.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Essential Medical Genetics, Edward Tobias, Michael Connor, Malcolm Ferguson-Smith, 2011.

2) Medical Genetics, G. Bradley Schaefer, James N. Thompson Jr., 2014.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG302 Gene Regulation and Epigenetics

Course Description: Students will learn the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, epigenetic modifications and also they also will learn the basics of cancer epigenetics and epigenetic based diseases.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Molecular Biology of the cell, 5th edition, Bruce Alberts, Alexande Jrohnson,Julian Lewis,Martin Raff,Keith Roberts,Peter Walter,2008.

2) Concepts of Genetics 10 th edition, William S. Klug,Michael R. Cummings,Charlotte

1. Spencer,Michael A. Palladino, 2012

3) Handbook of EpigeneticsThe New Molecular andMedical GeneticsEdited by Trygve Tollefsbol,2011 Analysis & Principles,Robert J. Brooker, 5/e, 2015

4) Epigenetics: A Reference Manual, Jeffrey Craig, Nicholas C. Wong, 2011

5) Gene Regulation,David Latchman, 5E, 2005

6) Lewin’s Genes XI, Jocelyn E. Krebs, Elliot S. Goldstein, Stephen T. Kilpatrick, 2013

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG303 Population Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology

Course Description: In this course, students will be taught the factors playing a role in the distribution of genetic variation in populations, the Hardy-Weinberg principle, recombination, natural selection, and the effects of diversity and genetic factors on family and society.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Population Genetics, Matthew Hamilton, 2011.

2) An Introduction to Genetic Epidemiology, Lyle J. Palmer, George Davey Smith, Paul R. Burton, 2011.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG304 Bioinformatics

Course Description: The course aims to introduce the fundamentals of computational biology and provide skills in computer methods to draw meaningful biological conclusions from sequence data. Students will gain theoretical and practical experience with standard bioinformatics tools and will be able to understand and use more advanced tools when needed. It is also organized by taking into consideration that each of the students should understand the basics of bioinformatics and have the background knowledge to perform bioinformatics analyzes on their own. At the end of the semester, students are expected to do basic bioinformatics analysis.

Textbooks     and/or     References:

1) M. Zvelebil and J.O. Baum Understanding Bioinformatics Garland Science, 2008.

2) A.M.Lesk Introduction to Bioinformatics Oxford University Press 2002 C.A.Orengo D.T.Jones and J.M.Thornton Bioinformatics

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG311 Biostatistics

Course Description: This course will focus on the application of statistical theory to real- world issues, the practice of designing and conducting biomedical experiments and clinical trials, and the study of related computational algorithms and display of data.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Bioistatistics, Norman & Streiner, third edition, 2008

2) Medical statistics, Betty Kirkwood and Jonathan Sterne, 2003.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG305 Laboratory Safety and Techniques

Course Description: This course aims to deliver information about laboratory safety, regulations and biosafety as well as discussing pros and cons of different laboratory techniques and recent advancements in molecular biology and genetics.

Textbooks and/or References: Current literature

Assessment: Discussion, Attendance

MBG306 Current Developments in Molecular Biology

Course Description: In this course recent advancement in Molecular Biology will be presented and discussed by student presentations.

Textbooks and/or References: Current literature

Assessment: Presentation and Homework

MBG307 Protein Structure and Function

Course Description: This course will provide an understanding of the structural organization of proteins and its relevance to protein function and an awareness of the biophysical methods available to study protein structure.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Fundamentals of Protein Structure and Function, Engelbert Buxbaum, 2007.

2) From Protein Structure to Function with Bioinformatics, Daniel John Rigden, 2012.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG312 Embryology and Reproduction

Course Description: This course will consider the development of a fetus from gametogenesis till birth, as well as covering the abnormalities that might occur during this period. Additionally, prenatal diagnoses and techniques related to assisted reprodıctive technologies will be covered within this course.

Textbooks and/or References:

• Sadler, T. W. (2018). Langman's medical embryology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Carlson, B. M. (2018). Human embryology and developmental biology. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG310 Immunology for Molecular Biologists

Course Description: In this course, it is aimed to introduce the elements, mechanisms and basic concepts of the immune system.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) David Male Jonathan Brostoff David Roth Ivan Roitt, Immunology.

2) M. Murphy (Author), Casey Weaver (Author), Janeway's Immunobiology

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

Fourth Year Lectures

MBG402 Cancer Genetics

Course Description: This course will consider the genetic mechanisms underlying specific cancer types, discussing how recent genomic studies have led to the identification of genes that play important roles in cancer formation, and outlining how molecular genetics techniques are facilitating rapid advances in this field.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Cancer Genetics, BorisPasche,2010.

2) Mitochondrial Genetics and Cancer, Gabriel D. Dakubo, 2010.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG407 Genetic counseling

Course Description: This course introduces the principles and practice of genetic counselling, integrating human genetics with psychosocial counseling skills. Students will learn how genetic information is communicated to individuals and families, including risk assessment, interpretation of genetic test results, ethical and legal considerations, and psychosocial support. Emphasis is placed on informed decision-making, patient-centered communication, and the application of genetic counselling in clinical and public health settings.

Textbooks and/or References:

• Baker et al., A Guide to Genetic Counseling
• Thompson & Thompson, Genetics in Medicine
• Nussbaum et al., Medical Genetics
• National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) resources

Assessment: Case Study, Presentation, Participation

MBG513 Ecology

Course Description: The course aims to provide information about basic ecological concepts. The main focus is to understand the lifeworld, its interactions, and its role in the ecosystem.

Textbooks and/or References: Fundamentals of ecology, Eugene P Odum; Gary W Barrett

Assessment: Presentation and Final exam

MBG401 Graduation Project I

Course Description: Establishing skills during a relatively independent research is aimed.

Textbooks and/or References: Current literature

Assessment: Graduation project

MBG406 Compulsory Internship

Course Description: 45 days of compulsory internship conducted in laboratories working mainly on Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology.

Textbooks and/or References: -

Assessment: Internship booklet is assessed.

MBG519 Evolution

Course Description: This course is to understand of how evolution works.

Textbooksand/orReferences:

• Freeman, S., & Herron, J. C. (2007). Evolutionary analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
• Futuyma, D. J. (2013). Evolution. Third edition. Sunderland, Massachusetts U.S.A: Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers.

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

Elective courses:

MBG503 Aging

Course Description: This course will focus on the molecular basis of aging.

Textbooks and/or References: Current literature

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG508 Nanotechnology and Modelling in Biological Systems

Course Description: The aim of this course is to understand the principles of nanotechnology and their use in the fields of biology-medicine-genetics, and learn how to create a scientific nano-project.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Soloviev, Mikhail (ed.). Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine. Totawa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012.

2) Binns, Chris. Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology : Tiny Structure, Big Ideas and Grey Goo. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2010.

3) Ngo, Christian and Voorde, M. H. van de. Nanotechnology in a nutshell. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014.

Assessment: Projects

MBG512 Microbiome:

Course Description: This course explores the composition, function, and dynamics of microbial communities (microbiomes) in humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Students will study microbiome structure, host–microbe interactions, ecological principles, and modern techniques used to analyze microbial communities, including sequencing-based and bioinformatics approaches. Applications in health, disease, agriculture, and environmental sciences are emphasized.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) Gut Microbiota, Edward Ishiguro Natasha Haskey Kristina Campbell, 2018

2) Fundamentals of Microbiome Science: How Microbes Shape Animal Biology, Angela E. Douglas, 2018

Assessment: Presentation, Assessment, Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG520 R-coding

Course Description: In this course, it is aimed to handle the use of the open-source code program, which will be used for data analysis and display in biological sciences accompanied by applications.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) https://www.r-project.org/,

2) http://www.r-tutor.com/r- introduction

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG521 Stem Cell Biology

Course Description: In this course, stem cell concepts, stem cell types, application areas of stem cells in research and treatment will be explained.

Textbooksand/orReferences:

• Robert Lanza, Anthony Atala (2012) Handbook of Stem Cells. Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-12-385942-6

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam

MBG522 DNA Damage and Repair Mechanisms

Course Description: In this course, students will learn the concepts of DNA damage and mutagenesis and DNA repair mechanisms.

Textbooks and/or References:

1) DNA Repair and Mutagenesis Errol C. Friedberg . . . [et al.].—2nd ed. p. cm.

2) DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair Molecular Mechanisms and Pathology, DOI 10. 1007/978-4-431-55873-6, Fumio Hanaoka • Kaoru Sugasawa

Assessment: Midterm exam and Final exam